The cell cycle comprises Interphase (G₀, G₁, S, G₂) and M phase (mitosis or meiosis). Use the selector below to explore each phase’s diagram and key events. Afterwards, dive into regulation, checkpoints, and clinical relevance.
G₁ (Growth)
Cell increases in size, synthesizes proteins and organelles. G₁/S checkpoint checks DNA integrity before replication.
Interphase in Depth
Interphase is when the cell prepares for division:
G₀: Quiescent state—cells perform normal functions (e.g., neurons).
G₁: Cell growth, protein/organelle synthesis, G₁/S DNA damage checkpoint.
S: DNA replication—each chromosome duplicates into two sister chromatids.
G₂: Final growth and repair, G₂/M checkpoint ensures complete replication.
Cell Cycle Regulation & Checkpoints
Progression through the cycle is tightly controlled by: